Rodent Poisons

There are several kinds of rat and mouse poisons, and other poisons used for different rodents such as moles and gophers.  It is vitally important to know what poison was ingested.  Save and bring the packaging if possible.  In some cases, where professional exterminators have set the bait, it is difficult to know what type of poison it is.

The vast majority of rat and mouse poisons are anti-coagulants, causing death by interfering with the body’s ability to clot blood.  Most of these poisons will mention on the packaging that Vitamin K is the antidote and most of these poisons are blue or green in color.

Other poisons for rats and mice (bromethalin) act quite differently and are much more rapid and serious.  Poisons for gophers (often zinc phosphide) are also different and very very bad. 

In all cases, early intervention makes the difference and includes emptying the stomach by inducing vomiting or pumping the stomach, use of charcoal (adsorbent) and a cathartic, and fluids to maintain hydration throughout.  In the most common situations, testing blood clotting ability in 48 hours is recommended.  The most specific test for that, PIVKA, is available here stat all the time and used frequently to monitor effectiveness of treatment.  Other clotting times can give similar information.  If there is reason to suspect dog was getting into it on a regular basis, testing clotting time at first visit is advocated. 

If there is reason to suspect zinc phosphide, call for special instructions.  The vaporous fumes can be deadly to people, so vomiting induction should occur outside.

Treatment and monitoring is different for the other types of rodent poisons.

Commonly, we are presented with dogs with unexplained bleeding and many are in close proximity to death, particularly those bleeding into their chest cavity.  These dogs can be saved with transfusions and aggressive care.  If there is any possibility of rodent poison ingestion, mention it early!!

Rat and mouse poisons cause problems year round, but most often in the fall and winter when these rodents are problematic indoors and also when a dog has access to a garage, attic, basement or other area that he/or she has not investigated previously.

Pet Poisonings: Algae | Antifreeze | Chocolate | Easter Lily, Other Lily plants, and Cats | Garbage Intoxication | Grapes and Raisins | Household and Prescription Medications | Lawn and Garden Chemicals | Mushrooms | Poinsettias | Potpourri Oils | Rodent Poisons | Varmint Poisons, Other | Xylitol toxicity

Do you have a problem that requires urgent help? 

When in doubt, call one of our clinics!  Phone call advice is free and we will help you decide the risks. 608-274-7772